What two types of cells make up the central nervous system?

The central nervous system (CNS) is primarily composed of two main types of cells: neurons and glial cells. Neurons are the fundamental units of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for transmitting signals and processing information throughout the body. They are specialized cells that carry electrical impulses, which are essential for communication within the CNS and between the CNS and the rest of the body.

Glial cells, also known as neuroglia, serve a critical supportive function in the CNS. They provide structural support, protection, and nourishment to neurons and are involved in several key processes, such as maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and participating in the immune response within the nervous system. Together, neurons and glial cells work synergistically to ensure the CNS operates effectively.

In contrast, other cell types mentioned in the incorrect choices, such as cardiac cells, epithelial cells, and muscle cells, do not belong to the CNS. Cardiac cells are specialized muscle cells found in the heart, while epithelial cells form protective layers in various organs and systems throughout the body, and muscle cells are involved in movement. Connective tissue cells, while present throughout the body, including the CNS, are not the primary cellular components that define the CNS structure and function. Thus,