What occurs at synapses in the nervous system?

The correct answer identifies that synapses serve as junctions between nerve cells. At these synapses, nerve impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another or to a target cell, such as a muscle or gland. This is a critical point of communication within the nervous system.

At synapses, the transmission of signals occurs through the release of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gap. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the receiving neuron, facilitating the continuation of the nerve impulse. While this action is vital, the primary function of a synapse is to physically connect two neurons, enabling the transfer of information.

Other answer choices talk about related concepts, such as impulse conduction and signal reception, both of which occur at synapses but are not the defining characteristic of what synapses are. Neurotransmitter production, while related to the function of synapses, also occurs within neurons and is not a primary defining feature of the synapse itself. Thus, recognizing synapses as junctions between nerve cells captures their core role in the nervous system.